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New progress in research on high-performance vanadium flow battery energy storage technology
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Release time:
2024-03-13 17:53
The all vanadium flow battery energy storage technology achieves the storage and release of electrical energy through the mutual conversion of metal vanadium ions with different valence states. Its inherent safety, flexible design,
The all vanadium flow battery energy storage technology achieves the storage and release of electrical energy through the mutual conversion of metal vanadium ions with different valence states. Its inherent safety, flexible design, and high maturity make it the preferred electrochemical energy storage technology route in the long-term energy storage field of the national power system under the dual carbon strategy.
As a key research and development project supported by the 14th Five Year Plan of China, the demonstration of energy storage technology and application of the new generation 100MW all vanadium flow battery has put forward higher performance requirements for the operation of high-performance all vanadium flow battery energy storage systems. As the medium for the electrochemical redox reaction of vanadium ions, the mass transfer and activation characteristics of the electrode system directly determine the conversion efficiency of all vanadium flow batteries. Therefore, developing electrode structure optimization strategies and material control methods suitable for engineering applications is the foundation and core for achieving high-performance operation of all vanadium flow batteries.
Recently, the corrosion electrochemistry research group of the Center for Material Corrosion and Protection, Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences has made a series of new progress in the research field of high-performance all vanadium flow battery energy storage technology. On the basis of a deep understanding of the polarization characteristics of batteries, researchers have taken the mass transfer characteristics and electrochemical activity of electrode systems as the starting point, and engineering applications as the guidance. By introducing flow field optimization design and electrode modification regulation, they have significantly reduced the concentration polarization and activation polarization of batteries, achieving high-performance long cycle operation of all vanadium flow batteries, The relevant research results have been published successively in the Chemical Engineering Journal and Journal of Materials Chemistry A. Master's students Hao Huanhuan and Zhang Qi'an are the first authors of the paper, and Tang Qian is the corresponding author.
The positive and negative electrodes of all vanadium flow batteries use vanadium ions of different valence states as active substances and aqueous solutions as supporting electrolytes, which have advantages such as environmental friendliness and capacity recovery. However, due to the limitations of mass transfer characteristics of active substances inside the electrodes and flow resistance, the operation of high-power all vanadium flow battery stacks still faces challenges. In response to this issue, researchers combined finite element simulation with experiments and introduced structured flow field design into the electrode system to conduct internal simulation analysis of the battery under the coupling of multiple physical fields of mass transfer, transmission rate, and electrochemical reaction (Figure 1). They successfully optimized the mass transfer characteristics inside the electrode under high current density, synergistically reducing the concentration polarization and flow resistance of the battery, Effectively improving the conversion efficiency of a single battery under high current density, and dynamic simulation prediction of a 32kW stack shows that the conversion efficiency of a constant current operating system at a high current density of 200 mA cm-2 can be significantly improved by about 15% (Figure 2). Relevant research provides new methods and approaches for the design and development of high-power stacks, The relevant research results were published in Chemical Engine under the title "Regulating flow field design on carbon felt electrode rewards high power density operation of advanced flow batteries"
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